National Family Welfare Program

The institution of family is as old as man himself. It is the basic social cell. Sociologists and economists have always been propounding the ways to amelio regulate quality of life, which is difficult to achieve if the people remains unchecked. India launched a nation-wide Family benefit political programme in 1952, during the front five course of study think, making it the premiere country in the world to do so. COMPONENTS The National family welfare programme in India has five components A. Maternal and boor health, extended to reproduction and tike health superintend.B. Immunization of pregnant women by tetanus toxoid and that of children sister and preschoolers by BCG, oral polio , diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and measles. C. Nutritional supplement- Iron and folic sultry to pregnant women and children. Vit. A to prevent blindness D. contraceptive fostering and dissemination dispense with and social marketing i. e Contraceptive Nirodh, Oral Contraceptive i. e Mala D, copper T and that of voluntary surgical contraception E. health learning on primary health headache particularly motive to accept contraception.Emphasis on vasectomy was make in the national program, currently place contraception is promoted. A. Maternal and small fry healthMCH It relates to health of mother during pregnancy, childbearing and post-natal period and that of freshlyborn and neo-natal health. Reproductive and Child Health (RCH)- relates to extended MCH with teenage and post-menopausal womans health. The RCH package covers 1. Pre-reproductive Adolescent age Health care of adolescent girl including health promotion, safe age of marriage > 20 old age, prevention of unsafe abortion and prevention of sexually transmitted complaint (STD/AIDS) . Reproductive Years Contraception. Legal Abortion ( MTP) Effective RCH care to tick off safe motherhood. Risk advancement RCH care is streamlines Male involvement in RCH care is essential. Effective supportal teaching method to all and function to the under fire(predicate) group. Service to promote child survival. Prevention and treatment of reproductive portion infection and sexually transmitted disease including HIV/AIDS high gear risk labor by automobile transport. Prevention and treatment of gynecologic problems menstrual disorders or infertility. 3. Post reproductive Years Prevention and care of genital prolapse fostering on menopause. Screening and treatment of crab louse e finically cervical cancer. B. Immunization Immunization to the mother and child was made one of the important set about. The WHO launched its Expanded program on immunization against fractional-dozen most common preventable puerility diseases, viz. diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), tetanus, polio, tebibyte and measles. The government of India launched its EPI in 1978 with the objective to reduce mortality and morbidity resulting from vaccine-preventable diseases of childhood and to achieve self sufficiency, in the production of vaccine.UIP in India was started in 1985. It has 2 vital components i. e. immunization of pregnant women against tetanus and immunization of children in their first year against the six targeted diseases. C. Nutritional supplement Special Nutrition program This program was started in 1970 for the nutritional benefit of children below 6 years of age, pregnant and nursing mothers and is in operation in urban slum, tribal areas and backward rural areas. The supplementary food supplies active 300 Kcal and 10-12 gms of protein per child per day.The beneficiary mothers receive daily 500 Kcal and 25 gms of protein. This supplement is provided to them for about 300 days in an year. Balwadi Nutrition Program This program was started in 1970 for the benefit of children in the age group 3-6 years. It is under the overall devote of subdivision of Social Welfare. The food supplement provides 300 Kcal and 10gms of protein per child. Mid-day Meal Program The program was started in 1961 with an objective to promote school admissions, prevent drop-outs and break literacy of children. The food should be a supplement not a substitute. ?Should fork over at least 1/3rd of total energy and half of total protein requirement. ?Economical. ?Should be such that can be easily fain at schools. ?Locally available. ?Avoid monotony. Integrated Child Development turning away (ICDS) ?Improvement of the nutritional and health status of children below 6 years of age, ? Basic service for proper psychological, physical and social development of the child, ? reduction in the incidence of morbidity, mortality, malnutrition and school dropout, ?Effective coordination of policy and murder amongst the miscellaneous departments to promote child development and ? Improvement of the capability of mother to savor after normal health needs of the children. For achieving these objectives next steps were interpreted ?Supplementary Nutrition ?Immunization ?Healt h check-up ?Referral services ?Health and nutrition education ?Non-formal pre-school education. Creches for the children of working or ailing mothers. Welfare of Handicapped children ?Scholarships ? good example schools. ?Educational and rehabilitative services. Financial assistance to voluntary organization. ?Integrated education with normal children in ordinary schools. ?homework of teachers. ?Manufacture and development of special aids. ?Special employment exchanges. The Under-five clinic. This type of service was developed to dispense prophylactic curative and promotive health services in a incorporate manner The Under- five card consists of record of weight, assessment of nutrition and necessary nutritional advice, Immunization, family planning advice, treatment of Illness. D. Contraceptive education and distributionContraception education received a new impetus with the creation of the Mass Education Media (MEM) division within the Department of Family welfare during the In ter-plan period of 1966-69. Under free distribution schemes and the Social Marketing Program, contraceptives, both condoms and oral pills are exchange at subsidized rates. E. Health Education on Primary Health Care. Health education on following components was given through mixed Health professionals. ?MCH care. ?Immunization. ?Nutrition supply and Education. ?Adequate supply of safe drinkable Water, Personal Hygiene and basic sanitation. Prevention and control of local endemics. ? enamor treatment of common diseases and Injuries LANDMARKS oFirst five year plan- (1952-1955)- Establishment of few clinics ?Training and research was conducted. oSecond five year plan- (1961-1966)- Integrated family planning Health education activities and Community development programs. oThird five year plan- (1961-1966)- ?Family was declared as the real centre of planned development. ?The emphasis was shifted from the purely clinical approach to the more vigorous extension education approach for mot ivating the mass for acceptance of the small family norm.Fourth Five year course of study- (1964- 1974)- Family planning services were rendered through sub centers, PHCs and MCH and Family welfare centers. All India Post Partum Program was started in 1970 to motivate mother for planning soon after rescue. In 1972, aesculapian Termination of Pregnancy Act was implemented. oFifth Five Year Plan- (1974- 1979) Renamed as Department of Family Welfare. Population control and Family preparedness were made con current assailable in January 1977 by the 42nd amendment of constitution. 1977- Program got a boost by the involvement of VHGs, Indigenous Trained Dais and local opinion leaders. 6th Five Year Plan- (1980 1985) To attain Health For All by year 2000, through Primary Health Care Approach the Government accept National Health Policy in 1983 which laid down following goals ? Net Reproductive measure 1 ?Crude Birth Rate 21/1000 live births ?Crude death rate 9/1000 population ?Couple protection rate 60% oSeventh Five Year Plan ( 1985- 1990) Department of family welfare was separated from Ministry of Health general immunization Program, oral rehydration therapy and various other MCH programs.All these programs were brought together under the Child Survival and Safe Motherhood Program (CSSM) oEighth Five Year Plan (1992 1997) Top priority to slower rate of population. Focus on delivery of quality services and integration of other services. April-96 Target free approach was announced emphasised on providing quality services on take away based on the need of people. RCH launched, included ?All components of safe motherhood programme with added components of RTI/STI. ?All components of Child Survival. ?Fertility regulation with a focusing on quality care. Aims To improve the management services at central, state, regulate and block level ? Seeks to attain holistic approach in implementation of this programme ? Focus on neglected geographical areas. ?Focus on previously neglected segments of population. oNinth Five Year Plan- (1997 -2002) Objectives ?Reduction in population harvest-home ?Meeting all felt needs for contraception ? step-down IMR and MMR and Maternal Morbidity Rate so that reduced fertility rate is achieved. ?1997 -Target Free Approach was renamed as Community need Assessment Approach. ?A Comprehensive National Population Policy 2000 for achieving set goals and objectives.There has been significant ancestry in the mortality and fertility rates due to serial growth and development of family planning programe as shown in the following figure. CONCLUSION The Family Planning Programme in India has come a long way and is considered as a way of life by most people. It can be seen from the figure that there has been an impressive increase in the outlays in the successive plan period. But in reality the outlay for each plan falls short especially for taking up any new venture because most of the cost is utilized for maintaining the infrastructure.